Article 341 అంటే ఏమిటి? SC Notification ఎవరు చేస్తారు? Balakrishnan Commission ఎందుకు నిర్మించారు?
Article 341: President, each State/UT కి Scheduled Castes ని notify చేస్తారు; Parliament మాత్రమే SC List modify చేయగలదు — President alone కాదు. 1950 Presidential Order: SC Status Hindu religion కి మాత్రమే → 1956: Sikhism added → 1990: Buddhism added. Christians + Muslims excluded. Balakrishnan Commission (2022): SC Status for Dalit Christian + Muslims examine చేయడానికి. Former CJI K.G. Balakrishnan head. 3rd Extension June 2026. March 24, 2026: SC — Chinthada Anand v. AP — Dalit Christian SC/ST Act protection denied. Commission findings pending.
Startup India Fund of Funds (FoF) 1.0 vs 2.0 తేడాలు ఏమిటి?
FoF 1.0 (2016): ₹10,000 Crore — First startup funding scheme — 1,371 startups, 2 lakh+ jobs. FoF 2.0 (April 13, 2026): ₹10,000 Crore — 16th+17th Finance Commission cycles. New focus: Deep Tech + Manufacturing + Early Growth Stage. VCIC (Venture Capital Investment Committee) screening — more rigorous. Co-investment provisions with govt/institutional investors. Two Implementation Agencies (SIDBI + another). Both: SEBI AIFs → startups route. DPIIT nodal ministry. Viksit Bharat 2047 vision aligned.
RBI Utkarsh 2029 లో ముఖ్యమైన initiatives ఏమిటి?
RBI Utkarsh 2029 (April 2026–March 2029): 6 pillars strategy. Key initiatives: Project Sa-Mudra (Currency management modernize); CBDC (e-₹) scale-up (cross-border payments); ULI (Unified Lending Interface) (credit access widen); AI + Quantum Computing regulatory frameworks; UPI Global Expansion; Rupee Internationalization. RBI Governor: Sanjay Malhotra. Previous: Utkarsh 2.0 (2022-25). CBDC differs from UPI: CBDC = sovereign digital money (e-₹); UPI = interface between bank accounts.
Windfall Tax (SAED) గురించి ముఖ్యమైన facts — India history?
Windfall Tax = SAED (Special Additional Excise Duty). History: July 1, 2022 — First introduced — Russia-Ukraine war crude surge. Fortnightly revised. December 2, 2024 — Abolished (crude prices normalized). March 26, 2026 — Reintroduced — West Asia conflict ($157/barrel peak March 23). April 11, 2026 — Diesel ₹21.5 → ₹55.5/L; ATF ₹29.5 → ₹42/L. Purpose: Ensure domestic fuel supply; prevent over-exports; balance government revenue. Affects: Reliance Industries (largest private refiner), ONGC, Oil India.
e-NAM అంటే ఏమిటి? ముఖ్య features + 10 Years milestone?
e-NAM (National Agriculture Market): April 14, 2016 launch — Pan-India electronic trading platform for agricultural commodities. One Nation, One Market framework. Implementing Agency: SFAC (Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium). 10 Year milestone: ₹4.84 lakh crore trade (13.25 crore MT) — 1,656 mandis — 1.80 crore farmers — 2.73 lakh traders — 4,724 FPOs. e-NWR (Electronic Negotiable Warehouse Receipt) integration. Platform of Platforms (PoP). ₹75 lakh per mandi govt support. 247 commodities on app.
ICC T20 World Cup 2026 India victory — ముఖ్య facts ఏమిటి?
T20 WC 2026: India 3rd Title — Home Soil. Final: India vs New Zealand — Ahmedabad. Sanju Samson Player of Tournament — 275 runs in 3 knockout matches (March). 97* vs WI, 89 vs ENG (SF — Wankhede), 89 vs NZ (Final). Average 137.50, SR ~200. ICC Men’s Player of Month March 2026. Jasprit Bumrah — 4 wickets in Final. India Previous Titles: T20 WC 2007, 2024. ICC HQ: Dubai; Chairman: Jay Shah (India).
ANRF (Anusandhan National Research Foundation) గురించి ముఖ్య facts?
ANRF: ANRF Act 2023 కింద established. SERB (Science and Engineering Research Board) ని replace చేసింది. Non-Defence Research కి Apex body. Budget: ₹50,000 crore (2023–28) — PM’s Economic Advisory Council suggestion based. Governing Board Chairman: PM Modi; Executive Council: S&T Minister (Dr. Jitendra Singh). SARAL AI: 18 Indian languages లో research simplification. Key difference: DRDO = Defence R&D; ANRF = Non-Defence. DST = Nodal ministry for Science.
Australia Army మొదటి మహిళా Chief — ముఖ్య facts?
Lt. Gen. Susan Coyle — July 2026 నుండి Chief of Army Australia — 125 సంవత్సరాల history లో మొదటి మహిళ. 55 సంవత్సరాలు; Born Kyogle, NSW. Career: Afghanistan, Middle East; Task Group Commander (2020); Cyber-warfare, Information Warfare expert. PM Anthony Albanese (Labor); Defence Minister Richard Marles. New Chief of Defence Force: Vice Admiral Mark Hammond. ADF Women: 21% → Target 25% by 2030. AUKUS (2021): Australia-UK-USA submarine deal — nuclear-powered submarines.
Mossad (Israel) గురించి ముఖ్య facts + Roman Gofman నియామకం?
Mossad: Israel’s External Intelligence Agency — Founded 1949. Primary functions: Foreign intelligence gathering, Covert operations, Counterterrorism, Espionage. Roman Gofman (49): Approved April 12, 2026; Takes charge June 2, 2026. Replaces David Barnea (5-year term ends). Currently PM Netanyahu’s Military Secretary. Born Belarus 1976 — moved to Israel 1990. IDF Armored Corps background — Division Commander. First non-Mossad insider since Meir Dagan (2002-2011). PM: Benjamin Netanyahu (Likud). Israel Capital: Jerusalem; Currency: New Shekel.
Asian Wrestling Championships 2026 India performance — ముఖ్య details?
22nd Asian Wrestling Championships 2026: April 6–12, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. India: 17 medals — 2 Gold, 6 Silver, 9 Bronze — 2nd Overall (Iran 1st). Gold: Sujeet Kalkal (65kg Freestyle — 8-1 win vs Uzbekistan) + Abhimanyu Mandwal (70kg Freestyle — comeback 5-3 win vs Mongolia). Silver: Aman Sehrawat (61kg — Paris Olympics Bronze 2024 in 57kg). Men’s Freestyle: 2G, 3S, 2B; Greco-Roman: 5 medals; Women’s: 5 medals. WFI (Wrestling Federation of India). Kyrgyzstan Capital: Bishkek; SCO Member.