Quiz on 12 April 2026 Current Affairs Telugu | NASA Artemis II, NARIT AI – UPSC APPSC TGPSC

జ్యోతిరావు ఫులే (1827–1890): Satyashodhak Samaj (1873); మొదటి మహిళా పాఠశాల 1848 Pune; ముఖ్య రచనలు: గులామ్‌గిరి, Shetkaryacha Asud, Brahmananche Kasab; Hunter Commission (1882)కు Free & Compulsory Education Memorandum; “మహాత్మా” బిరుదు.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (1891–1956): Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha (1924); Independent Labour Party (1936); Annihilation of Caste; Constitution of India రచన; 1956లో Buddhism గ్రహించారు; Bharat Ratna 1990.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833): Brahmo Samaj (1828); Sati Abolition (1829 Regulation XVII); Mirat-ul-Akhbar; “Father of Indian Renaissance”; Asiatic Society Member.

Swami Vivekananda (1863–1902): Ramakrishna Mission (1897); Chicago Parliament of Religions 1893; Belur Math.

Dayananda Saraswati (1824–1883): Arya Samaj (1875); Satyarth Prakash; “Back to the Vedas”; Child Marriage వ్యతిరేకత.

Savitribai Phule (1831–1897): India’s First Female Teacher; Jyotirao తో కలిసి మహిళా విద్య కోసం పోరాడారు; January 3 — Savitribai Phule Jayanti.

Article 124(4) — Supreme Court Judge Removal: Parliament రెండు సభలలో Special Majority — లోక్‌సభలో ఉన్న మొత్తం సభ్యుల మెజారిటీ + హాజరైన మరియు ఓటు వేసిన సభ్యుల 2/3 మెజారిటీ; Grounds: Proved Misbehaviour or Incapacity; President Sign చేస్తారు.

Article 217 — High Court Judge Removal: Same procedure as SC Judge (Article 124(4)); President Order; Inquiry by Judges Inquiry Act, 1968 కింద.

Justice Yashwant Varma Case (2026): Allahabad HC Judge; March 14, 2025 Fire Incident + Cash Discovery; 140+ Lok Sabha MPs Motion; Parliamentary Committee Inquiry; SC Petition Rejected; April 9, 2026 — Resignation; Unprecedented in India Judicial History.

India Judicial Appointments: SC Judges — President + CJI Consultation (Collegium System); CJI — Senior most SC Judge convention; NJAC Act 2014 — SC Struck Down.

Chief Justice of India (CJI): Appointed under Article 124(2); India 50th CJI: Sanjiv Khanna (November 2024 onwards); CJI Salary: ₹2.8 Lakh/month.

Artemis Program: Artemis I (Unmanned, Nov 2022); Artemis II (Crewed Lunar Flyby, April 2026); Artemis III (Moon Surface Landing, 2028 Target); Space Launch System (SLS) + Orion Spacecraft; Gateway (Lunar Orbit Space Station).

Apollo Program (1961–1972): Apollo 11 — First Moon Landing July 20, 1969; Neil Armstrong + Buzz Aldrin; Apollo 13 — 1970 in-flight emergency; Apollo 17 — Last Crewed Moon Mission, December 1972; Gene Cernan — Last man on Moon.

Artemis II Records: 252,756 Miles — Farthest humans from Earth; Previous Record: Apollo 13 (248,655 miles); Mission Duration: 10 Days; Crew: Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover (first Black astronaut), Christina Koch (first female Lunar Flyby), Jeremy Hansen (first non-American Lunar Flyby).

India-US Space (NISAR): NASA + ISRO Joint Earth Observation Satellite; L-band + S-band SAR; 2024 Launch (delayed); World’s most expensive Earth Observation Satellite.

NASA Administrator: Jared Isaacman (2025 onwards); Former SpaceX Inspiration4 Mission Commander. ISRO Chairman: V. Narayanan.

NBFC అంటే: Non-Banking Financial Company; Companies Act కింద Registration; Loans, Securities వ్యాపారం; Demand Deposits accept చేయలేరు; DICGC Coverage లేదు.

Scale-Based Regulation (SBR) — 4 Layers: Base Layer (NBFC-BL); Middle Layer (NBFC-ML); Upper Layer (NBFC-UL) — ₹1 Lakh Crore+ Asset Threshold (2026 Proposal); Top Layer (Systemic Risk).

NABARD (1982): National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development; Agricultural + Rural Credit; Chairman: Shaji K.V.; Priority Sector Lending oversight.

SIDBI (1990): Small Industries Development Bank of India; MSME Finance; CMD: Sivasubramanian Ramann; Udyami Mitra Portal.

Exim Bank (1982): Export-Import Bank of India; India’s International Trade Finance; Lines of Credit to Foreign Countries; MD: Harsha Bangari.

RBI Governor: Sanjay Malhotra (December 2024 onwards); Former Revenue Secretary. RBI Founded: April 1, 1935; HQ: Mumbai.

Polavaram (AP): Godavari నది — East Godavari జిల్లా; National Project (2014); 2,880 MW Power; Irrigation 7.2 + 1.5 lakh Acres; 23 Districts Drinking Water; CM Chandrababu Naidu (TDP).

Punatsangchhu-II (India-Bhutan): Wang Chhu (Wang River) — Bhutan; 1,020 MW; Nu 5.10/Unit Export Tariff; Annual 4.5 Billion Units; November 2025 Inauguration.

Tehri Dam (Uttarakhand): Bhagirathi River; 1,000 MW; India’s Tallest Dam (260.5 m); Rockfill + Earthfill type.

Bhakra Nangal (Punjab/Himachal): Sutlej River; 1,325 MW; Gobind Sagar Reservoir; “Temple of Resurgent India” — Nehru.

Sardar Sarovar (Gujarat): Narmada River; 1,450 MW; Narmada Dam; 30 District Irrigation; PM Modi Inauguration 2017.

India Hydro Policy: National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC); Run-of-the-River vs Storage-based; Pumped Storage Hydro for Grid Stability; India Target: 100 GW Hydro by 2030.

Mundra Port (Gujarat): India’s Largest Private Port; APSEZ (Adani Ports & SEZ) నిర్వహణ; Gulf of Kutch; 6,008 Cars Single Vessel Record (April 2026); RoRo Terminal 2009; Chairman: Gautam Adani; 2030 Target: 1 Billion Tonne.

JNPA/JNPT (Maharashtra): Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority; Navi Mumbai; India’s Largest Container Port; Trans-shipment Hub.

Paradip Port (Odisha): Mahanadi River Mouth; Coal + Crude Oil Import; Largest Cargo Port by Tonnage (Major Ports).

Chennai Port (Tamil Nadu): Oldest Artificial Port; India’s 2nd Largest Container Port.

Major Ports (12): Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways; Major Ports Authorities Act, 2021; Minister: Sarbananda Sonowal.

SIAM: Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers; India FY26 Auto Exports: Record Growth; India 3rd Largest Auto Market globally.

India AI Mission (2024): ₹10,371 Cr Budget; 5 Years; MeitY నిర్వహణ; 10,000 GPU Compute; 3 IndiaAI Pillars: Compute, Datasets, Application Development.

NARIT AI (2026): Gujarat Police — Narcotics Analysis and RAG-based Investigation Tool; India First Police AI Tool; RAG Technology; NDPS Act + BNS + BNSS Training; Closed Database.

RAG Technology: Retrieval Augmented Generation; LLM + Custom Database; Hallucination తగ్గుతుంది; Enterprise AI లో Standard approach.

AI Governance India: NITI Aayog “Responsible AI” Framework; Draft Digital India Act 2023 (Pending); Advisory issued to AI Intermediaries. Global: EU AI Act (2024 — World’s First Comprehensive AI Law).

Telangana AI: Aikam™ — Telangana AI Innovation Hub; Deakin University (Australia) MoU 2026; Bharat Future City AI University; IT Minister: Duddilla Sridhar Babu.

MeitY: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology; Minister: Ashwini Vaishnaw. NASSCOM: National Association of Software and Service Companies; India GCC 1,700+ (2026).

India-Bhutan Treaty of Friendship (2007): 1949 Treaty Replace చేసింది; Foreign Policy Independence Bhutan కు; India Bhutan Security + Development Partner.

Bhutan Hydropower Projects (India Funded): Chukha (336 MW, 1988); Tala (1,020 MW, 2006); Punatsangchhu-I (1,200 MW — ongoing); Punatsangchhu-II (1,020 MW, 2025); Mangdechhu (720 MW, 2019); Kholongchhu (600 MW — upcoming).

Bhutan Economy: Hydropower Revenue — GDP 25%+; Bhutan Constitution 2008 (First); Carbon Negative Country; Gross National Happiness (GNH) Index. King: Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck; PM: Tshering Tobgay (PDP — People’s Democratic Party). Capital: Thimphu.

Doklam Standoff (2017): India-Bhutan-China tri-junction; India stand — Bhutan Territory; 73-day standoff; DOCA (Doklam) — China road construction issue.

India-Bhutan Trade: Largest Trading Partner; INR as Legal Tender in Bhutan; Bhutan — India’s Energy Diplomacy Success Story.

India R&D Spending: GDP లో ~0.65% (2026); Global Average: ~1.8%; Target: 2% by 2030; China: 2.4% of GDP; USA: 3.1%; South Korea: 4.6% (World Highest).

NITI Aayog R&D Reports (2026): “Ease of Doing R&D in India” + Survey Report; April 9, 2026; 400+ Institutional Leaders + 850+ Scientists; VC: Suman Bery; CEO: BVR Subrahmanyam; NITI Aayog Founded: January 1, 2015 (Replaced Planning Commission).

DRDO (1958): Defence Research and Development Organisation; Chairman: Samir V. Kamat; 50+ Labs; BrahMos (India-Russia JV), Tejas, ASAT Mission Shakti.

CSIR (1942): Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; DG: N. Kalaiselvi (First Woman DG); 37 National Labs. DST: Department of Science & Technology; Minister: Dr. Jitendra Singh (MoS IC).

India Science Rankings: Nature Index 2026 — India 5th globally; Scopus Papers — Top 10; Patents Filed: 5th globally; Nobel Prizes from India: C.V. Raman (Physics, 1930), Amartya Sen (Economics, 1998), Abhijit Banerjee (Economics, 2019).

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging): Laser pulses ద్వారా 3D Terrain Mapping; Airborne + Ground-based; Dense vegetation చొచ్చుకు వెళ్ళగలదు — buried structures reveal చేస్తుంది; Nanosecond precision; Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) తయారు చేస్తుంది.

Archaeology లో LiDAR: Greece Thessaly — 200+ Sites, 6,000 Years (Neolithic → Byzantine); Angkor Wat (Cambodia) — hidden temples 2012; Maya Civilization (Guatemala) — 60,000+ hidden structures 2018; Amazon Basin — Lost Cities 2022.

India LiDAR Applications: Forest Survey of India (FSI) — Dense Forest Mapping; Geological Survey of India; Border Areas Mapping; Smart Cities — Urban Planning. ISRO LiDAR: PSLV payloads; Chandrayaan missions terrain mapping.

Greece UNESCO Sites (18): Acropolis of Athens, Delphi, Olympia, Mycenae & Tiryns, Epidaurus, Island of Delos, Monasteries of Daphni, Bassae, Vergina. UNESCO HQ: Paris; DG: Audrey Azoulay; India UNESCO Sites: 42+.

Thessaly Region: Central Greece; Agriculture-rich; Larissa — largest city; Near Mount Olympus.